Differential gear, in automotive mechanics, gear arrangement that allows power from the engine to be transmitted to a pair of generating wheels, dividing the force equally between them but permitting them to follow paths of different lengths, as when turning a corner or traversing an uneven street. On a straight street the tires rotate at the same acceleration; when turning a part the outside wheel provides farther to move and will turn coupling China faster compared to the inner wheel if unrestrained.
The components of the Ever-Power differential are proven in the Figure. The power from the transmission is delivered to the bevel ring equipment by the drive-shaft pinion, both which are held in bearings in the rear-axle housing. The case is an open boxlike structure that’s bolted to the band gear possesses bearings to support one or two pairs of diametrically opposite differential bevel pinions. Each wheel axle is attached to a differential side gear, which meshes with the differential pinions. On a directly road the tires and the side gears rotate at the same rate, there is absolutely no relative motion between your differential side gears and pinions, and they all rotate as a unit with the case and band gear. If the vehicle turns left, the right-hand steering wheel will be forced to rotate faster than the left-hand steering wheel, and the side gears and the pinions will rotate relative to each other. The ring gear rotates at a rate that is equal to the mean speed of the still left and correct wheels. If the wheels are jacked up with the tranny in neutral and among the wheels is turned, the contrary wheel will turn in the opposite path at the same speed.
The torque (turning second) transmitted to the two wheels with the Ever-Power differential may be the same. As a result, if one steering wheel slips, as in ice or mud, the torque to the other steering wheel is decreased. This disadvantage could be overcome relatively by the usage of a limited-slip differential. In one edition a clutch connects among the axles and the band gear. When one wheel encounters low traction, its tendency to spin is usually resisted by the clutch, hence providing better torque for the additional wheel.
OPEN DIFFERENTIAL:
A differential in its most elementary form comprises two halves of an axle with a gear on each end, connected together by a third equipment creating three sides of 
a sq .. This is generally supplemented by a 4th gear for added strength, completing the square.